A system for time-fluctuating flow rate measurements in a single-blade pump circuit

Commonly used flow rate measurement systems provide an accurate and stable output value of the quasi-stationary flow rate. In some pump types as e.g. single-blade pumps significant flow rate fluctuations may occur even in steady operation points due to rotor-stator interaction. For the analysis of the time-resolved flow rate a new measurement and evaluation method is presented based on an electromagnetic flow meter. Internal averaging of the flow meter is deactivated and the raw signal is evaluated directly with a sampling rate of 3 kHz. With ensemble-averaging in combination with an impeller position detection, interfering signals acting on the time-resolved measurement signal are filtered out. Accompanying numerical simulations of the pump flow circuit are carried out with a 1D method of characteristics and validated against well-established time-resolved pressure measurements of the pump flow. Experiment and simulation show a resembling trend of pressure as well as flow rate fluctuations over the entire operation range of the pump. Thus, by the combined utilisation of measurement and simulation technique, we assure the validity of the ensemble-averaged flow rate fluctuation results. We find that the flow rate fluctuations show a consistent phase shift to the pressure fluctuations that increases towards overload. The flow rate amplitude is an order of magnitude smaller than the amplitude of the pressure fluctuations.     

基于ARM7的高精度频率计的设计

文章通过对相位重合检测技术的分析，提出了基于此理论并用ARM7作为主控芯片的高精度频率计的设计方法。该设计方法通过捕捉相位之间的重合点，能够有效消除±1个字的计数误差。在此基础上由于ARM7具有32位的处理器内核以及流水线技术，使得频率计的测量速度和精度比传统的使用16位单片机设计的频率计要高很多。本频率计最大测量频率为10MHz。同时本设计采用安捷伦公司生产的恒温晶振10811A作为标准频率，能够有效保证测量精度能够达到10-10量级。为了降低成本，在设计中选用采用ARM7芯片内部的计数器以及用简单的逻辑电路进行设计。由于其测量精度要超过多周期同步测量法，而成本又比模拟内插法和游标法低很多，因此此频率计拥有很广泛的市场前景。     

单曲柄双摇杆无相差扑翼驱动机构的设计与仿真

在具有二级减速齿轮的单曲柄双摇杆机构上,通过加入Watt直线机构,建立三维扑翼飞行器模型,保证了左右拍动完全对称,提高了扑动的紧凑性和稳定性。Adams仿真分析表明左右扑翼角度和角速度完全一致,提高了运动对称性,验证了该优化方法的正确性和可行性。     

Modeling temperature effects on a Coriolis mass flowmeter

Coriolis mass flowmeters are used for many applications, including as transfer standards for proficiency testing and liquified natural gas (LNG) custody transfer. We developed a model to explain the temperature dependence of a Coriolis meter down to cryogenic temperatures. As a first step, we tested our model over the narrow temperature range of 285 K to 318 K in this work. The temperature dependence predicted by the model agrees with experimental data within ± 0.08 %; the model uncertainty is 0.16 % (95 % confidence level) over the temperature range of this work.Here, basic concepts of Coriolis flowmeters will be presented, and correction coefficients will be proposed that are valid down to 5 K based on literature values of material properties.     

镜面杂质与水汽吸放对露点仪影响的实验研究

显微成像露点仪在研制和测试过程中发现镜面杂质和内腔材质吸放水汽等影响测量精度的问题。针对镜面杂质对显微成像露点仪测量的影响开展了镜面图像特征的实验研究，结果表明：镜面杂质点处露珠凝结具有优先性，且反复凝结消散后镜面出现杂质沉降现象。针对水汽吸放对显微成像露点仪的影响开展了水汽释放与吸附效应的实验研究，结果表明：当温度发生变化时，显微成像露点仪感应舱内壁氧化铝材质存在释放（或吸附）水汽现象，使得显微成像露点仪测量值偏大（或偏小）。研究结果为露点仪在功能设置及镜面与腔体材料选择方面提供了参考。     

室内照明统一眩光值(UGR)校准装置的研制

统一眩光值UGR是表征室内照明眩光程度高低和视觉舒适度的重要参数,在室内照明检测和照明设计中有着广泛应用。目前国内对于眩光测试仪的溯源方法一般只采用光亮度标准装置校准亮度值,而对于照明光源的亮度分布和几何位置信息都没有进行相关校准,造成眩光测量结果的失准和不统一。针对此问题,本文研制了一套统一眩光值UGR校准装置,介绍了装置原理和结构,并对其不确定度进行分析。该装置的研制对于保障眩光测量结果的准确统一,有效提升照明设计质量,保护视觉健康有着重要作用。     

A two-phase flow meter for determining water and solids volumetric flow rates in stratified,inclined solids-in-water flows

This paper describes the design and implementation of a two-phase flow meter which can be used in solids-in-water two phase pipe flows to measure the in-situ volume fraction distributions of both phases, the velocity profiles of both phases and the volumetric flow rates for both phases. The system contains an Impedance Cross Correlation (ICC) device which is used in conjunction with an Electromagnetic Velocity Profiler (EVP). Experimental results were obtained for the water and solids velocity and volume fraction profiles in upward inclined flow at 30° to the vertical, in which highly non-uniform velocity and volume fraction profiles occur.     

基于智能电表海量数据的台区运行态势分析与应用

随着智能电网的快速推进，配网智能化水平越来越高。用户智能电表的覆盖率逐年提升，利用用户智能电表每十五分钟一次采集形成的海量数据，辅以公变终端运行数据，从低压台区线损、故障、网架分析三个视角入手开展台区运行态势分析和应用。通过精益化线损分析，研判线损异常的原因，对配网变户一致性进行研判，对智能装置数据准确性进行评价；通过低压台区回路阻抗模型计算，利用阻抗值实现了配网异常情况的预判和网架阻抗评估；通过配网故障研究分析，及时实现不同类型故障的准确主动研判，进一步提升供电服务“最后一公里”服务效率。本文通过深入挖掘智能电网领域大数据价值，促进业务创新、绩效提升，细化客户分类，满足智能化、多样化用电需要，提升配电网感知度。     

旋进旋涡流量计合成不确定度及其表示方法

随着市场对天然气需求的不断扩大,天然气公司对流量计计量准确度的要求也变得越来越高,但是流量计的测量误差却是无法避免的,而不同的误差可以通过不同的方法来进行控制或减小,其中重要的未定系统误差可以通过不确定度来确定。因此如何正确合理地求出流量计的测量不确定度是十分必要的,本文将以旋进旋涡流量计的测量不确定度的分析过程为基础,指出了在合成标准不确定度以及扩展不确定度的表示中应当值得注意的地方。     

浅谈运用水表节水的措施

从合理设置水表位置、水表选型、提高计量准确性的技术措施等方面,阐述了民用建筑节水的有效技术措施,指出合理设置和使用水表对节水工作的重要性。